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Science and art of management

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No 3/4 (2020)
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Modern aspects of management

10-24 141
Abstract

A comparative analysis of the practice of organizing scientific and technological development in the Russian and foreign industries shows that, mainly, the composition and content of that activity in both cases, at first glance, have slight differences. Meanwhile, those slight accents ulti- mately determine the reason for the lag in the innovative development level of Russian enterprises in comparison to foreign ones. First of all, it applies to the structure of the R & D financing that in Russian conditions is hypertrophied by the budget sources and also to the extremely insignificant role of corporate science as a generator of demand for innovations. The main emphasis in Russian conditions is done on supporting the work of the industry and academic research institutes, which, as the study shows, are not sufficiently focused on obtaining concrete results demanded by the industrial enterprises practice. Though the factory science divisions are the most competent in determining the production need in the research and development results their share in the structure of scientific organizations is negligible. With a representative array of statistics the article justifies the direction of reforming the current system of organizing scientific and tech- nological development, what can refract the existing backlog in innovation in comparison to developed countries.

25-37 197
Abstract

The article analyzes how the digitalization of the economy and society affects the ensuring their sustainable development. The advantages of the process include its stimulating nature, the possibility of the emergence for new areas of activity, the greening of production processes with a decrease in their resource intensity, an increase in the rate of culture exchange, the forma- tion of new institutions that globalize the economy and ensure an increase in its efficiency. However, there are many risks that accompany the process. They are a decrease in information security, the payment systems risks with an issue of the compliance, and also the possibilities for manipulating public consciousness, and victimizing people and enterprises as well as an increase in the likelihood of global cyber-attacks. All of those matters require close interaction between politics, business, academia and civil society. The digitalization development pro- cesses should serve the society, development taking into account systemic risks.

38-48 135
Abstract

The article considers methods practized by of women-senior managers in their professional activity, reveals their peculiarities of doing business in comparison to men, and demonstrates how all that is impacted by the socio-cultural role models. It is noted that recently, in modern society, there has been an important trend towards strengthening women’s positions in business and increasing their number in managerial positions. Authors prove that the main qualities of an effective entrepreneur have a common, non-gender nature, and are not a prerogative of men. Managers of higher and middle levels are distinguished by possession of a specific set of qualities, such as adaptability, stress resistance, efficiency, etc., which is determined by conditions of their activities. The business methods used by women, incorporating intuition, social intelligence, desire to create a friendly atmosphere in a team and flexibility, allow looking in new perspective to traditional entrepreneurship created by men.

National development priorities

49-70 141
Abstract

Expanding cooperation between various sectors of the country’s economy, including the fuel and energy complex and a powerful defense com- plex of the country, is relevant initiative aimed at increasing the country’s com- petitive position in the world economy. According to preliminary estimates, the defense industry enterprises can provide up to 20% of the market demand in the next 2–3 years that means a minimal annual order of about 300 billion rubles. In this regard, the Russian fuel and energy complex today is an anchor customer, including for defense industry enterprises.

The aim of the study is to identify vulnerable points in the interaction of two sectors, primary for the current course of the country: the fuel and energy complex and the military and industrial complex, and to formulate specific packages of measures and formats for overcoming the stagnation occurrances as well as critical consideration of the discussed concepts and organizational legal structures of intersectoral cooperation.

The methodological basis for the study assumes the use of a systemic-synergetic approach, which in general approximation is reduced to enhancing the mutual beneficial effect of its elements. Also, when writing the article, a quantitative analysis of statistical data, a historical-descriptive method, a comparative method were used.

As the main result the author proposes a new format of interaction between the fuel and energy complex and the military and industrial complex that is aimed at more efficient use of the potential of the defense industry in order to meet the needs of organizations in the fuel and energy complex, increase the production volume by the enterprises of the defense industry and expand the production range. More active cooperation of the defense industry enterprises with organizations of the fuel and energy complex will allow them in the near future to master the production of new types of the non-defense products and technologies, and the fuel and energy companies – to obtain competitive high-tech products.

71-88 110
Abstract

Maintaining the current business model in the military-industrial complex (MIC) does not allow concentrating the resources of finalists (integrators) – enterprises producing final products – on key competencies: R & D, assembly, sales and service. That is, at the main stages of the product complete life cycle, which forms the basis for a modern understanding of the category of “value” required by the modern consumer. In addition, the long-term orientation towards a limited number of customers (Russian Defense Ministry and/or law enforcement agencies), as well as the peculiarities of economic legislation in the field of defense industry resulted in a shortage of market competencies among personnel of the defense enterprises. There is also a lack of the work experience in the competitive environment in the non-defense products market, and expe- rience in building a set of actions to promote the non-defense products. Those circumstances limit the competitiveness of products, both the non-defense and military. Thus, there is a contradiction between the objective need to mobilize resources for maintaining the potential of the defense industry by conducting forced diversification of the military-industrial complex’s, increasing the products com- petitiveness and the state of the enterprises’ production subsystems, what hinders the solution of those tasks. Given the scale and importance of the defense industry to ensure the country’s security from external threats, it is necessary to solve the current scientific task – theoretical justification and methodological development of the organizational and managerial complex of decisions. The complex covering the field of reforming the composition, structure and methods of organizing the defense enterprises’ production subsystems to diversify and increase their competitiveness in the markets of military and non-military products.

Россия и мир: управление, экономика, право

89-104 170
Abstract

Given the current conditions of the world economy, the concept of migration is becoming increasingly more important. In connection with the topicality of the subject of migration, the authors decided to examine it on the example of Iran and its economic and socio-political ties with the countries of Western and Northern Europe. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the relationship of Iranian remittances to mutual foreign trade through an analysis of the state of Iranian migration in the countries of Western and Northern Europe. The results were subsequently graphically interpreted through a bubble dis- plays and cartogram and suggest that the strongest European partner in the field of migration is Germany, which has long been associated with Iranian and Shiite culture. The results of the research can be applicated in economic and socio-political area of research and practice.

105-113 134
Abstract

The statement that it is possible to operate globalization process by means of integration which plays extremely important role now is proved in article. An economic integration has its objectives in the closer cooperation and strengthening of communications between separate national farms, providing conditions for concentration of production and beneficial redistribution of the capitals. It allows the member countries through synergetic effect to strengthen considerably the economic influence in world economy and, as a result, to strengthen the geopolitical position in the world. Just because economic integration allows to combine economic capacities of the countries, to amalgamate several economic entities in one that in turn gives more opportunities in influencing the world economy development and globalization processes on the part of economic integration. In view of that an economic integration in fact is means and process of the globalization management.

114-123 200
Abstract

The study purpose is to update the issues of global governance by the example of the World Trade Organization (WTO) functioning. The global economic crisis contributes to the growth of global instability and, as a result, the growth of protectionist measures. That, in turn, causes an increase in the number of trade disputes between the largest entities of the world economy an example of what are the trade disputes between the United States and the European Union. They adversely affect the system of international economic relations, including the activities of the WTO. Methodologically the research is based on the theory of the world economy, the theory of international economic relations, the theory of systems management, and the theory of organizations. As the main result obtained it was concluded that in the context of growing global instability, the EU’s foreign economic policy will be aimed at gaining unilateral advantages when interacting with the major trading partners. Those advantages will be achieved not only through the significant economic potential, but also through the availability of more professional lawyers working in the field of international law. The study has a prospective of establishing the causes and features of the today trade disputes within the WTO in relation to the dynamics of the global economic crisis.

Актуальный вопрос

124-139 135
Abstract

The article is devoted to a topic related to the issue of the so-called. emotional competence in people facing difficult life circumstances. In order to give a scientific and practical significance to the topic the article presents an analysis of the theoretical developments of the world’s leading psychologists, dedicated to the “emotional intelligence” and “emotional competence”. The relevance of the topic raised in the article is even more significant in the period of general mental tension associated with reactions to the modern disease caused by COVID-19. The article is problematic in nature and concerns the search for an answer to the question: how, being in a situation of uncertainty, to find ways to regulate behavior and preserve mental health?

Scientific life

140-145 126
Abstract

Modern scientific conferences held at universities have the main task, first of all, to present innovative scientific results to the audience. And the scientific conference is all the more significant, the greatest contribution to science is made by the developments presented at it. It is especially important in such a complex, multifaceted and unstable science as economics. The world today is unstable. The generally accepted model for the formation of a global world economic system, into which all countries were supposed to integrate gradually on the basis of the international division of labor, is undergoing a crisis . The annual international scientific conference Chayanovskie Chtenya held at the Russian State University for the Humanities has a long-standing scientific tradition. The conference has always attracted leading scientists – economists who presented their scientific reports to a large scientific audience. The article is devoted to a brief review of the already past twentieth Chayanov Conference.

Interview with a scientist

Рецензия на учебник

153-159 340
Abstract

The textbook “Project Management of an Organization” continues the series of educational publications by the authors for universities that began in the past decade and is dedicated to the improvement of management systems for organizations. It is the organizations that act as the main engines of economic growth being the primary cells in the life of the country. It is especially important in modern conditions, when the issues of the functioning and management of economic entities at the micro level and directly in organizations, despite their importance, are given insufficient attention in the scientific and educational literature.



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ISSN 2782-2222 (Print)