The paper presents the author’s point of view on the innovative development for the elements of the Russian Federation geospace on the socio-economic development in regional mesosystems. The authors identified modern factors and conditions affecting the sustainable socio-economic development of mesosystems. Special attention should be paid to the discussion of the development of information and communication technologies in the subjects of the Russian Federation, channels of interaction between government authorities, businesses and the local population living in those regions. The authors specify strategic directions for the implementation of regional innovative development projects and mechanisms to ensure the creation of a reliable favorable climate for the social potential of regions based on digital technologies. The authors provide solutions to those issues through the implementation of state programs and strategic projects in the field of saving strategic energy resources and making adjustments to priority areas of ecological, economic and social development of the regions.

In the study, the author’s team considers the issues of developing and testing a system of end-to-end internal control in agricultural organizations using artificial intelligence (AI). In the dynamically changing market environment, such a system becomes a necessary stage for the successful development of agricultural organizations. It allows for effective risk management and adaptation to unpredictable external and internal factors characteristic of the agricultural sector. The proposed system of end-to-end internal control based on AI covers all aspects of the organization’s activities and ensures continuous control throughout the entire technological cycle. It helps to identify and eliminate issues related to product quality, safety and compliance with standards in a timely manner. The use of modern information technologies in the control activities of agrosphere organizations, proposed in the article, allows for a proactive launch of a mechanism for leveling risks associated with the human factor and continuously monitor the impact of factors of the external and internal business environment of an economic entity on the basis of operational information and analytical mechanisms.

The article concludes that social entrepreneurship as a comprehensive driving force of scientific and technological progress, a mechanism for ensuring innovative development of socio-economic systems, plays a leading role in the public welfare process. The author analyzes the process of formation and development of social entrepreneurship, the prerequisites for its emergence in international practice and reveals the features of the creation of a social entrepreneurial system in Russia as a socially oriented state, taking into account the possible solution to the issues of forming sustainable socio-economic effects.

The modern economy is characterized by is characterized by in creased role of the new technologies based on Industry 4.0 which significantly improve the efficiency of production. The rise in the level of informatisation, digitalisation of society and digital skills is essential for states in their internal policies, since in combination those factors are creating the digital environment that is necessary for the exploitation of more and more complex technologies and the creation of new ones, improving the country’s competitive position on the world stage. The purpose of the article is to study the existing approaches to the assessment of the digital divide, analyze and define a set of criteria for the economic analysis of the digital divide, which to the right extent reflects the economic aspect of such phenomenon for inter-country comparisons. The methodological basis of the research is based on the structural-functional method, which made it possible to identify the main elements defining the essence of the digital divide; historical and logical methods, which were used for analyzing the development of theories forming the conceptual basis for the digital divide. The conducted analysis in the development of theoretical concepts related to the information society, technological gap and digital divide leads to the conclusion that the current approaches to the assessment of the digital divide are based to a greater extent on the instruments of sociological research. The author suggests an approach to the analysis of the digital divide that combines indicators of the digital environment, digital economy and digital sovereignty and is based on the four groups of indicators: access to the Internet, the readiness of the population to use digital technologies effectively, the level of business digitalisation, digital potential.

The article concludes that small business is a tool for accelerating economic growth in both developed and developing countries. It has positive external consequences for the economy, and also makes a significant contribution to ensuring social stability, increasing employment and developing innovative technologies. The author analyzes the theoretical and methodological foundations, methodological and practical recommendations for the production support of the development for small enterprises, and gives a description of that support. It is argued that the development of the small business sector requires the formation of an effective mechanism for production support and entrepreneurship support, primarily on an institutional basis, as well as ensuring publicity and transparency, legal protection, and activation of public associations of entrepreneurs.

Today, an increasing number of researchers are asking about the problematics of human capital and the specifics of its formation within the country’s means. The paper makes an attempt to summarize the available materials on approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “human capital”, and identifies the main approaches to the definition of the term. It emphasizes the need for targeted influence on the part of the state on its qualitative content. The authors assessed the level and quality of human capital, and its impact on the state of the regional economy (using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan). The results of the study reflect the investment attractiveness of the Republic of Tatarstan according to many indicators included in the human capital index.

The prevailing modern economic conditions in the external environment create issues for organizations. For competitiveness and success in the market, organizations must be flexible, trainable, and adaptive to changing conditions. One of the tools of enterprise management is effective human resources, which is included in the personnel management system. Therefore, the main task of the organization’s management is the effective use of human resources to achieve the goals of the organization, since human potential is the “foundation” for the development and long-term success of any company. The concept of managing people through the disclosure of their capabilities leads to the disclosure of the potential of employees as the potential of the enterprise. Personnel policy is a necessary tool in solving socio-economic issues in crisis situations, therefore, the relevance of its formation is an important issue in any enterprise. The experience and knowledge of employees are widely applicable in enterprises and contribute to the profitability of the organization, as well as to getting the social effect. The external situation in the world leads to the search for new directions in the personnel management system, incentive methods, targets, and effective use of resources. The organization’s development opportunities and financial performance depend on the decision made by the organization’s manager. The economic success of the reforms carried out in Russia depends on the effective development of the country’s industrial complex, in which the main factor is the relationship between the management of the organization and the employees of the enterprise. To attract high-level specialists, it is necessary to develop an effective human resource management system.